Geographic Information System-Based Mapping of Parotitis Distribution at Danurejan I Public Health Center

Abstract

            Mumps (parotitis) is a contagious disease caused by paramyxovirus infection that affects the parotid glands. The disease spreads easily through droplets, direct contact, or shared objects, and may lead to serious complications such as encephalitis and hearing loss. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health recorded 169 cases of parotitis in Yogyakarta City during January–October 2024, with 133 cases originating from the Danurejan I Public Health Center working area. This high prevalence highlights the need for spatial analysis to identify disease distribution patterns. This study aimed to map the distribution of parotitis cases using a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a basis for prevention and control strategies. This study employed a quantitative descriptive design with a spatial approach. The population included all 133 parotitis cases recorded at Danurejan I Public Health Center in 2024, selected through total sampling. Secondary data were obtained from health center reports, while spatial data in the form of patient residential coordinates were acquired through geocoding. Data were analyzed using GIS software through digitization, overlay, and thematic mapping to visualize case distribution by administrative areas and population density. The findings revealed that most cases occurred in the 5–14-year age group, with the highest concentration in Tegalpanggung Village. Cases were predominantly clustered in areas with high social interaction, particularly around elementary schools, while population density was not the only determining factor. GIS application proved effective in visualizing spatial patterns of disease distribution and served as a valuable tool for epidemiological analysis. In conclusion, GIS-based mapping is essential for supporting prevention and control strategies of parotitis in the Danurejan I Public Health Center area.